Ratchet mechanism.



G. 0. LEOPOLD. RATGHBT MEoHANIsM.

APPLICATION TILE!) AUG. 28. 190'9.

TN: Nonnls rlrlu co., WASHINGTON. D. t7

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE O. LEOPOLD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO NORTH.

`BROS MFG CO., OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN- VsYLvANIA.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE O. LnoPoLD, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Ratchet Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in ratchet mechanism, in which pivoted pawls engage sprocket wheels, and are controlled by a shifting selector, so that any one or all the pawls can be thrown into gear with their ratchet wheels.

The object of my invention is to so construct the ratchet mechanism that the projecting portions ol the pawls which are actuated by the selector will be in a line transversely and away from the point of engagement with the ratchet wheels.

This object I attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a side View of a drill showing my improved ratchet mechanism; Fig. 2, is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 2 2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, is a transverse sectional view on the line 3-3 Fig. 2; Fig. 4l, is a transverse sectional view on the line il-fl Fig. 2; Figs. 5, G, 7, S and S), are views showing the different positions ot' the selector; Fig. 10, is a `perspective view showingthe pawl carrier and the pawls in position; Fig. 11, is a perspective View of the selector; Fig. 12, is a perspective view of one of the pawls, Fig. 13, is a View showing a modified form of pawl. Fig. 14, is a perspective view of one of the springs.

A is the frame, having bearings (L -a. for the spindle B. Secured to they spindle is a carrier B', slotted as shown in Fig. 10, for the reception of the pawls, c, c, 02 and c3 and grooved for the reception of the trunnions of the pawls as shown.

D, D are beveled pinions with long hubs, which extend into the carrier, and have at their inner ends ratchet teeth (Z-fl respectively. These ratchet teeth are in line with the pawls, so that the pawls can engage the ratchet teeth, and thus control the movement of the spindle.

E is the selector consisting of a plate having projections at each side which ride over the ends of the pawls and by the movement of this selector any one or more of 4the pawls can be released. Projecting from the selec- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 28, 1909.

Patented J an.` 24,- 1911.

Serial No. 515,007.

tor is an operating stud, and this stud extends through a spring n plate F which is mounted on the selector and extends through the slot in the shell b inclosing the carrier B. The slot b in the shell has notched edges, as shown in Fig. l, and projections on the plate F enter these notches so as to retain the selector in the osition to which it is adjusted. Springs z' ofpthe shape illustrated in Fig. 14, rest above each set of pawls and tend to torce them into engagement with the ratchet wheels when released by the selector.

Referring to Fig. 12, it will be noticed that each pawl has an engaging portion c* trunnions c and a tail section c". This tail section is reduced at the extreme end, and is bent up as at c7 and the selector actuates the pawl through this projecting portion. By reducing the width of the tail at the extreme end the tail section of one pawl can rest at the side of the tail section of the opposite pawl, so that all the pawls are brought in line transversely, as clearly illustrated in the drawings, and particularly in Fig. 10. By this arrangement the ratchet mechanism is made more compact and yet it allows the pawls to be made of sufficient size to withstand thel strains to which they are. suhjectcd.

When the selector' is in the position shown in Fig. 5, all the pawls are released and engage their ratchet teeth and thus lock the mechanism, so that when it is desired to operate the chuck illustrated at B2, Fig. 1, it can be turned without having to grasp the gearing as in the ordinary drills of this type. Vhen the selector is moved to the position shown in Fig. 6, then the two pawls c, c3 on one side are released while the other two pawls are held out of action so that the tool will ratchet in both directions. When the selector is moved to the position shown in F ig. 7, thenv only the pawl c is released, the other being held out of action, and the tool'will ratchet to the right. When theselector is moved to the position shown in Fig, 8, then the pawl c is released and the tool will ratchet to the left; and when the selector is moved to the position shown in Fig. 9, both pawls c and c are released and engage the ratchet wheel D', which locks the carrier to the ratchet wheel so that it will turn in the same manner as any plane geared drill.

While in Fig. l2, I have shown the pawls made by bending up and reducing the width of the. tail piece, in Fig. 13, I have shown a pawl made out of a fiat piece of metal and the end of the tail piece bent at right angles to the body portion and turned up and bev eled, accomplishing the same purpose as the pawl illustrated in Fig. l2, that is, allowing the tail piece of the pawls to be arranged side by side. The pawls may be made in any suitable manner and may be of any width desired, and Where, for instance, only three pawls are used, the tail piece of one of these pawls can be the full-width of the pawl.

I claim:

l. The combination in a ratchet mechanism of a carrier, pawls longitudinally arranged and pivotally mounted on the carrier, the tail of one pawl extending past the tail of another Ipawl arranged on the same longitudinal line, with a selector for releasing one of the pawls.

2. The combination in a ratchet mechanism, of a carrier, two longitudinal slots in the carrier, two pawls mounted in each slot and having trunnions pivotally mounted in the carrier, said pawls having tails extending beyond their trunnions, the tail of one pawl extending past the tail of another pawl in the same slot, with a selector arranged to engage the tails of the pawls.

3. The combination in a ratchet mechanism, of a carrier, a series of pivoted pawls mounted in the carrier and arranged longitudinally with respect thereto, ratchet Wheels with which the pawls engage, each pawl having trunnions, and a tail section extending beyond the trunnions, the tail section of each pawl being reduced in width at the end and bent up so that the tail section of one pawl will extend past the tail section of another pawl, whereby the projecting portions will be located side by side, with a selector shaped to actuate any one of the pawls by contact with the tails to raise the pawls out of engagement with their ratchet wheels.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, GEORGE O. LEOPOLD. Vitnesses WM. A. BARR, HENRY I-IowsoN. 

